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INDIGO (Summary)
SIMPLE SUMMARY OF
INDIGO
BY LOUIS FISCHER
CLASS – 12 ENGLISH
CORE
1.Meeting with
Gandhi (1942):
Louis
Fischer recalls meeting Mahatma Gandhi at his ashram in Sevagram in 1942.
Gandhi
talked about his efforts to drive the British out of India, which started
in 1917.
2.Encounter with
Rajkumar Shukla:
In
December 1916, at the Indian National Congress Party convention in
Lucknow, farmer Rajkumar Shukla approached Gandhi for help.
Shukla
wanted Gandhi to address the injustices faced by farmers under the
landlord system in Bihar.
3.Gandhi's Journey
to Champaran:
Shukla
persistently followed Gandhi until he agreed to visit Champaran.
Gandhi
and Shukla traveled together from Calcutta to Champaran after months of
planning.
4.Visit to
Rajendra Prasad’s House:
They
went to Rajendra Prasad’s house, but he was not there.
Gandhi
decided to proceed to Muzaffarpur, where he was welcomed by Professor J.B.
Kripalani and his students.
Despite
fear among locals, Professor Malkani, a government teacher, hosted Gandhi
for two days.
5.Understanding
Farmers’ Problems:
Gandhi
learned that farmers (sharecroppers) were forced to grow indigo on 15% of
their land and give the harvest to British landlords.
After
Germany developed synthetic indigo, landlords demanded compensation to
release farmers from this arrangement.
Some
farmers agreed, while others hired lawyers or demanded their money back
after learning about synthetic indigo.
6.Struggle Against
the Government:
Gandhi
faced resistance from government officials but persisted with support from
lawyers and farmers.
He
initiated an official investigation into the issue.
7.Refund for
Farmers:
Evidence
showed landlords exploited the farmers illegally.
Gandhi
negotiated a refund for the farmers, settling for 25% of the money instead
of the 50% he initially demanded.
Gandhi
valued the symbolic victory of landlords surrendering both money and
prestige.
8.Impact on
Farmers:
Farmers
gained confidence, self-reliance, and courage to stand up for their
rights.
9.Gandhi’s Efforts
in Champaran:
Gandhi
focused on improving farmers’ lives beyond politics.
He
started schools, health, and sanitation campaigns in Champaran.
His
wife, followers, and others joined him in these efforts to uplift the
community.
10.Key Message:
The
writer highlights Gandhi’s focus on serving people rather than rigid
ideals, showing his loyalty to humanity.
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