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MBOSE SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMS 2025: ONLINE REGISTRATION, FEES, LAST DATE

                The Meghalaya Board of Secondary Education (MBOSE) has announced that the Secondary School Leaving Certificate (SSLC) Supplementary Examinations 2025 will be held from May 1 to May 8, 2025. Alongside the exam schedule, the board has also issued comprehensive guidelines for registration and submission. School authorities and exam coordinators are advised to carefully review these instructions before beginning the form-filling process.      The supplementary examinations offer a crucial second chance for students who were unable to pass one or more subjects in the main SSLC exams conducted earlier this year. As per the official notification, this provision applies to candidates who either failed in specific subjects or were issued admit cards but did not appear for the examination.      It is important to note that improvement candidates—students aiming to boost or improve their previously secured...

INDIGO (Summary)

SIMPLE SUMMARY OF INDIGO

BY LOUIS FISCHER

CLASS – 12 ENGLISH CORE

 


1.  Meeting with Gandhi (1942):

  • Louis Fischer recalls meeting Mahatma Gandhi at his ashram in Sevagram in 1942.
  • Gandhi talked about his efforts to drive the British out of India, which started in 1917.

2.  Encounter with Rajkumar Shukla:

  • In December 1916, at the Indian National Congress Party convention in Lucknow, farmer Rajkumar Shukla approached Gandhi for help.
  • Shukla wanted Gandhi to address the injustices faced by farmers under the landlord system in Bihar.
 

3.  Gandhi's Journey to Champaran:

  • Shukla persistently followed Gandhi until he agreed to visit Champaran.
  • Gandhi and Shukla traveled together from Calcutta to Champaran after months of planning.

4.  Visit to Rajendra Prasad’s House:

  • They went to Rajendra Prasad’s house, but he was not there.
  • Gandhi decided to proceed to Muzaffarpur, where he was welcomed by Professor J.B. Kripalani and his students.
  • Despite fear among locals, Professor Malkani, a government teacher, hosted Gandhi for two days.

5.  Understanding Farmers’ Problems:

  • Gandhi learned that farmers (sharecroppers) were forced to grow indigo on 15% of their land and give the harvest to British landlords.
  • After Germany developed synthetic indigo, landlords demanded compensation to release farmers from this arrangement.
  • Some farmers agreed, while others hired lawyers or demanded their money back after learning about synthetic indigo.

6.  Struggle Against the Government:

  • Gandhi faced resistance from government officials but persisted with support from lawyers and farmers.
  • He initiated an official investigation into the issue.

7.  Refund for Farmers:

  • Evidence showed landlords exploited the farmers illegally.
  • Gandhi negotiated a refund for the farmers, settling for 25% of the money instead of the 50% he initially demanded.
  • Gandhi valued the symbolic victory of landlords surrendering both money and prestige.

8.  Impact on Farmers:

  • Farmers gained confidence, self-reliance, and courage to stand up for their rights.

9.  Gandhi’s Efforts in Champaran:

  • Gandhi focused on improving farmers’ lives beyond politics.
  • He started schools, health, and sanitation campaigns in Champaran.
  • His wife, followers, and others joined him in these efforts to uplift the community.

10. Key Message:

  • The writer highlights Gandhi’s focus on serving people rather than rigid ideals, showing his loyalty to humanity.

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